Naftaada ka hadal
Talking about yourself
Marka aad qof cusub la kulanto, waxaad u sheegtaa magacaaga, da'daada, dalkaaga iyo shaqadaada. Ingiriisiga, arrimahan waxaa lagu sheegaa I am — macnaheedu waa “waxaan ahay”.
Marka la hadlayo, dadku badanaa way gaabiyaan: I am → I'm. Labaduba waa sax.
Shaqada hortiisa dhig a: a doctor. Haddii ay ku bilaabato a, e, i, o, u, dhig an: an engineer.
Hadda adiga: isbarasho samee
Buuxi xogtaada. Kadib dhageyso, oo si cod dheer u dheh 3 jeer.
Saddex erey: am, is, are
“To be” statements
To be wuxuu leeyahay saddex qaab: am, is, are. Midka aad isticmaashaa wuxuu ku xiran yahay qofka aad ka hadlayso. Xafid jaantuskan:
Ingiriisiga, you waa isku mid: “adiga” iyo “idinka”. Had iyo jeer: you are.
Hal qof (Mia, Aban) = he / she → is. Laba qof ama ka badan → are.
Dooro ereyga saxda ah
“Maaha” — ku dar not
Negative “to be” statements
Si aad u sheegto in wax aysan sidaas ahayn, ku dar not kadib am / is / are.
Qaabka gaaban
Eraygaas ma jiro. Mar walba dheh I'm not.
Dooro jumladda “maaha” ee saxda ah
Su'aal weydii
“To be” questions
Su'aal samayntu waa fudud: beddel meelaha. am / is / are hore u keen, qofkana gadaal dhig. Dhammaadka ku dar ?
Jumlad: qofka (You) ayaa hore u yimaada.
Sidee looga jawaabaa?
Jawaabahan gaagaaban wada-hadal kasta waad ku isticmaali doontaa.
Wada-hadal: dukaan ku yaal Johannesburg
Ku buuxi Is ama Are
Imtixaan
Unit 1 test
10 su'aalood. Ka jawaab mid mid — jawaabta koowaad ayaa la tiriyaa. Ha ka welwelin, mar kale ayaad ku celin kartaa.
Maalin kasta
Talking about routines
Si aad uga hadasho waxa aad samayso maalin kasta — shaqo, cunto, hurdo — isticmaal ficilka qaabkiisa aasaasiga ah: I eat, I work, I go.
Hal qof oo kale (he, she, Jamal, my brother) → ficilka ku dar s: eat → eats, work → works.
am = subaxnimo (6am). pm = galabnimo ama habeennimo (7pm). every day = maalin kasta.
Hadda adiga: maalintaada sheeg
Dooro waqtiyadaada. Kadib dhageyso, oo si cod dheer u dheh.
He, she: ku dar s
The present simple
I, you, we, they → ficilka sidiisa. He, she, it → ku dar s. Laakiin ereyada qaarkood si kale ayay u beddelmaan:
Ficilka ku dhammaada sh, ch, o, ss, x, z → ku dar es: go → goes, watch → watches.
Ha odhan “she haves”. He / she / it → has.
Dooro ereyga saxda ah
don't / doesn't
The present simple negative
Si aad u dhahdo “ma sameeyo”, ficilka hortiisa dhig don't. He / she / it → doesn't. Ficilku ma isbeddelo.
Qaabka gaaban
s-ta waxay u guurtay doesn't. Dheh: he doesn't work.
Dooro jumladda “ma sameeyo” ee saxda ah
Do you…? Does she…?
Questions with “do” and “does”
Su'aal samaynta: ku bilow Do (I, you, we, they) ama Does (he, she, it). Kadib ficilka qaabkiisa aasaasiga ah — s la'aan.
Sidee looga jawaabaa?
Wada-hadal: deriska
Dooro Do, Does, don't ama doesn't
Imtixaan
Unit 2 test
10 su'aalood oo ku saabsan maalintaada. Ka jawaab mid mid — jawaabta koowaad ayaa la tiriyaa.
Sidee dareemaysaa?
How are you feeling?
Ka hadalka dareenkaaga waa qayb muhiim ah oo wada-hadal kasta ah. Isticmaal am / is / are + feeling + ereyga dareenka.
Su'aasha dareenka waxay ku bilaabataa How: How are you feeling?
Ereyga dareenka (happy, sad, tired) wuxuu yimaadaa dhammaadka jumladda.
Buuxi meesha bannaan
Ereyada dareenka
Feelings and moods
Taabo erey kasta si aad u maqasho. Ereyga iyo jumlad gaaban ayaad maqli doontaa: “I'm feeling …”
Dooro midka ka soo horjeeda
“Ka soo horjeed” waa dareenka lidka ah: happy ↔ sad.
Aad u: very, really, so
Another way to say it
Waxaad sidoo kale odhan kartaa How are you? — “feeling” la'aan. Si aad u muujiso dareen xoog leh, dareenka hortiisa dhig very, really ama so.
really
so
very / really / so waxay yimaadaan dareenka HORTIISA: I'm very tired ✓ — ha odhan “I'm tired very”.
Ku dar very, really ama so
Sidee tahay?
Talking about your feelings
How are you? waa su'aasha ugu badan ee Ingiriisiga — subax kasta, dukaan kasta, qof kasta. Baro jawaabahan:
Wada-hadal: subaxdii, deriska
Akhri, kadib dooro dareenka
Imtixaan
Feelings test
10 su'aalood oo ku saabsan dareenka. Ka jawaab mid mid — jawaabta koowaad ayaa la tiriyaa.
Waxa hadda dhacaya
The present continuous
Si aad u sheegto waxa aad hadda samaynayso, isticmaal am / is / are + ficil ku dhammaada -ing.
I work every day = maalin kasta. I'm working now = hadda, xilligan.
use → using (e-da tuur). cut → cutting (xarafka ugu dambeeya laba jeer).
Dooro ereyga saxda ah
Hadda ma samaynayo
The present continuous negative
Ku dar not kadib am / is / are: isn't, aren't, I'm not. Ficilka -ing ha beddelin.
Dooro isn't ama aren't
Maxaad samaynaysaa?
What's happening?
Su'aal: ereyga su'aasha + am / is / are + qofka + ficil -ing.
Ereyada su'aasha
Su'aalahan way khaldan yihiin. Dooro midka saxda ah
Wada-hadal taleefan
Asking about the present
Marka qof ku soo waco, wuxuu badanaa weydiiyaa: Where are you? iyo What are you doing? Baro ficiladan iyo qalabkan — taabo si aad u maqasho.
Wada-hadal: Fatima ayaa soo wacday
Buuxi meesha bannaan
Imtixaan
Present continuous test
10 su'aalood oo ku saabsan waxa hadda dhacaya. Ka jawaab mid mid — jawaabta koowaad ayaa la tiriyaa.
Jirka
The body
Ereyadan waxaad u baahan doontaa marka aad dhakhtarka, kalkaalisada ama farmashiyaha (chemist) u sheegayso meesha ku xanuunaysa. Taabo erey kasta si aad u maqasho.
tooth → teeth (ilko). foot → feet (cagaha). Kuwa kale ku dar s: hand → hands.
my head = madaxayga. my back = dhabarkayga. my leg = lugtayda.
Dooro ereyga Ingiriisiga
Ma fiican tahay?
Saying you're not feeling well
Marka aad xanuunsan tahay, dheh I'm not well, ama isticmaal sick / ill (xanuunsan, buka).
Mararka qaar macnaheedu waa lallabo — waxaad dareemaysaa inaad matagayso.
don't + feel (s la'aan). isn't + feeling (-ing). Ha isku darin.
Jumladahan qalad ayaa ku jira. Dooro midka saxda ah
Maxaa ku xanuunaya?
What's the matter?
Si aad u sheegto xanuunka: I have a + xanuun (headache), ama qaybta jirka + hurts (my foot hurts).
headache (madax-xanuun), stomach ache (calool-xanuun), toothache (ilig-xanuun), backache (dhabar-xanuun).
Isticmaal in: a pain in my back. Ha odhan “on my back”.
Wada-hadal: rugta caafimaadka (clinic)
Dooro ereyga saxda ah
Cimilada
What's the weather like?
Ka hadalka cimiladu waa bilowga wada-hadal badan — basaska, dukaanka, shaqada. Su'aasha: What's the weather like? Jawaabta: It's + cimilada.
Magaca ku dar y: sun → sunny, rain → rainy, wind → windy, cloud → cloudy.
June, July iyo August waa xilliga qabowga. Subaxdii Johannesburg waa freezing; Cape Town waa rainy iyo windy.
Buuxi meesha bannaan
Imtixaan
Health and weather test
10 su'aalood oo ku saabsan jirka, xanuunka iyo cimilada. Ka jawaab mid mid — jawaabta koowaad ayaa la tiriyaa.
Shalay: was, were
Talking about the past
Waqti hore: am / is → was. are → were.
Ereyada waqtiga hore
Dooro was ama were
wasn't, weren't — Was…?
“Was” / “were” negatives and questions
Diidmo: ku dar not → wasn't, weren't. Su'aal: beddel meelaha → Was he…? Were they…?
Sidee looga jawaabaa?
Dooro jawaabta saxda ah
Ficilka -ed
Past events
Ficilada badankood waqtiga hore waxay ku dhammaadaan -ed: work → worked. Qof kasta waa isku mid. Diidmo: didn't + ficilka sidiisa.
Qoraalka -ed
Dooro ficilka saxda ah
Sheekadaada nolosha
Talking about your past
Si aad u sheegto goorta ay wax dhaceen: in + sannadka, ama when + da'da.
Dheh: I was born in 1995. — “Waxaan dhashay 1995.”
in 2015 (sannad). when I was 20 (da'). Macnahoodu waa isku mid.
Hadda adiga: sheekadaada
Buuxi xogtaada, kadib dhageyso oo si cod dheer u dheh. Qof kuu weydiiya “Where were you born?” — waad diyaar u tahay.
Wada-hadal: saaxiib cusub
Ku dar “when”
Imtixaanka ugu dambeeya
Past simple test
Casharkii ugu dambeeyay! 10 su'aalood oo ku saabsan waqtiga hore. Ka jawaab mid mid — jawaabta koowaad ayaa la tiriyaa.
Isdiiwaangeli si aad u sii waddo
Sign up to continue
Hambalyo — waxaad dhammaysay 2 cashar! Geli magacaaga iyo lambarkaaga taleefanka si aad u furto casharka 3.
Sii wad barashada Ingiriisiga
Unlock the full course
Saddexda cashar ee ugu horreeya waa bilaash. Si aad u sii waddo, fur koorsada oo dhan.
- 27 cashar oo kale
- Wada-hadallo iyo erayo cusub oo aad dhageysan karto
- 6 imtixaan si aad isku tijaabiso
- Hal mar bixi — lacag bil kasta ah ma jirto
Laba tallaabo oo fudud
- Ku bixi R49💳 Bixi R49
Taabo badhanka, kadib ku bixi Shoptoshop.
- Taabo “Waan bixiyay”
Casharrada oo dhan isla markiiba way furmayaan.
Su'aal ama dhibaato? WhatsApp noogu soo qor ·